Pursuant to Article 134 of the Banking Law Nr. 5411, the authority granted to the Savings Deposit Insurance Fund (SDIF) to establish “Commercial and Economic Integrity” (CEI) and to sell gives rise to significant constitutional debates with respect to third-party creditors who stand in a debtor–creditor relationship.
In legal transactions, the failure of parties to perform their obligations properly and timely often renders the continuation of the legal relationship unbearable. In such cases, as a general rule, the sanctions provided under Articles 112 and et seq. of the Turkish Code of Obligations are applied.
The law commonly referred to as the 11th Judicial Reform Package, namely the “Law Nr. 7571 on Amendments to the Turkish Penal Code and Some Certain Laws and Decree Law Nr. 631”, was promulgated in the Official Journal on 25.12.2025 and entered into force. In recent years, the judicial reform packages consecutively enacted in the Turkish legal system have been prepared with the aim of addressing issues that arise in practice.
Job security provisions constitute one of the fundamental mechanisms aimed at preventing the arbitrary or unjust termination of an employee’s employment contract and protecting the employee in cases where the termination is deemed invalid. One of the most important instruments under these provisions is the reinstatement lawsuit, which is specifically set out between Articles 18 and 21 of Labor Law Nr. 4857. In particular, Article 21 elaborates in detail on the consequences of a dismissal made on invalid grounds.
Article 341(2) of the Code of Civil Procedure Nr. 6100 (CCP) sets forth the monetary threshold required for filing an appeal before the regional courts of appeal. Likewise, Article 362(1)(a) of the CCP stipulates that decisions rendered in cases where the amount or value in dispute does not exceed forty thousand Turkish liras (inclusive) are not subject to appeal before the Court of Cassation.
The right to severance pay for members of the press is set out under the Press Labor Law Nr. 5953. Article 6 of the Law sets out the conditions under which journalists will be entitled to severance pay, but it has been partially annulled by the Constitutional Court.
One of the dispute resolution methods that is formed by the combination of these different alternative dispute resolution methods is the Mediation Arbitration (Med-Arb) model, which is a combination of mediation and arbitration.
The Ministry of Customs and Trade has various regulatory and supervisory powers to ensure that companies operating in Turkey carry out their operations in accordance with the applicable law. These powers stem from the Turkish Commercial Code Nr. 6102, the Company Audit Regulation and other related applicable regulations. The Ministry supervises companies' financial status, mergers and acquisitions, independent audit processes, compliance with consumer rights and unfair competition practices, starting from the establishment stage.
Restrictions are divided into two categories as those arising from the applicable law and those arising from the articles of association. The present analysis will focus on the restrictions arising from the articles of association. Restrictions may be included in the articles of association at the establishment of the company.
One of the foundations of arbitration proceedings is the parties' voluntary willingness to refer their disputes to alternative dispute resolution mechanisms other than domestic courts. The existence and extent of this willingness can be said to be at the heart of many arbitration disputes.
This article examines acts committed through artificial intelligence (AI) from the perspective of Turkish Penal Code. Since AI is not recognized as a direct perpetrator, criminal liability is primarily attributed to human actors such as developers, users, and system owners.
Turkish citizenship can be acquired in two ways in terms of time. First, Turkish citizenship can be acquired at the moment of birth. Citizenship acquired by descent refers to acquisition of the citizenship of the Turkish citizen mother or father to whom the child is bound by descent at the time of birth.